Events that took place after his death as prophesied. Part of a Prophet of God's mission is to inform the people about what is going to take place in future and this pertains not only to Day of Judgment but also about what will happen in the near and distant future. These prophecies act as a confirmation of their prophethood even after their deaths and are part of their miracles. Since Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was God's final messenger for entire humankind, he made prophecies pertaining to what was going to happen after his death till the end of the world. In this post I quoted a few, but historically significant, among the hundreds of predictions that happened in the near future after his death, exactly as he had predicted. These are found transmitted and recorded in authenticated hadith resources. 1. Prophet Muhammad ﷺ declared from the pulpit in the presence of his companions: “This grandson of mine, Hasan, is a master (syed) of men by means of whom Allah will reconcile two great groups.”[1] Forty years later, when the two large Muslim armies of Iraq and Syria confronted each other, Imam Hasan (r.a) made peace with Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan (r.a), and thus proved the prophecy of his noble grandfather, upon whom be peace and blessings. 2. According to another authentic narration, the Prophet ﷺ said to Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s): "You will fight the just, the perfidious and the deviator," thus predicting the Battles of Jamal (Camel), Siffin and that fought against the Khawarij at Nahrawan. All these happened during the rulership of Ali (a.s) as a result of the first Muslim civil war (also called Fitnah), which started with the murder of Uthman (r.a), predecessor of Ali (a.s).[2] 3. Once the Prophet ﷺ ascended mount Uhud with Abu Bakr (r.a), Umar (r.a) and Uthman (r.a) and it began to shake. The Prophet ﷺ struck it with his foot and said: “Be still, for only a Prophet, an ever truthful and two martyrs are on you.”[3] Thus predicting the martyrdoms of his closest companions Umar ibn Al Khattab (r.a) and Uthman ibn Affan (r.a). Umar (r.a) was martyred by a non-Muslim Persian slave during his rule and Uthman (r.a) was martyred by the Muslim rebels during his rulership. 4. He had informed Ali (r.a) and Zubayr (r.a) that they will one day face each other while predicting Zubayr’s martyrdom. This is exactly how it took place in the Battle of Jamal (Camel) when Ali (r.a) reminded Zubayr (r.a) of the Prophet's prediction due he went away. Zubayr (r.a) was later martyred by one of the soldiers from the opposition camp.[4] 5. The Prophet ﷺ said to his wives: “One among you will take charge of a mischief; many around her will be killed; and the dogs will bark all around her.”[5] He predicted this about the mother of all believers, Lady Ayesha (r.a). This happened exactly at the point when her army reached the watering place of Hauab, the dogs of the village came out, and barked at Ayesha (r.a). She inquired about the name of the place, and when she was told that it was Hauab, a shudder ran through her. The "mischief" was the unfortunate Battle of Jamal (Camel), as a result of first Muslim civil war. The battle was between the army of Ali ibn Abi Talib (r.a) and Ayesha (r.a), which resulted in the defeat of Ayesha's army and her being respectfully escorted by Ali (r.a) to Makkah, where she lived most part of her remaining life. 6. Allah's Messenger ﷺ also predicted that Imam Hussain (a.s) would be killed at Taff (Kerbala). Fifty years later the painful event took place as predicted. The entire world bears witness to the event of Karbala. Abdullaah (r.a) said, "Whilst we were with the Prophet ﷺ, some young men from Banu Hashim approached us. When the Prophet ﷺ saw them, his eyes filled with tears and the colour of his face changed. I said, 'We can see something has changed in your face, and it upsets us.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'We are the people of a Household for whom Allah has chosen the Hereafter rather than this world. The people of my Household (Ahl al-Bayt) will suffer a great deal after my death."[6] The persecution prophesied came true in the martyrdom of Imam Hussain (a.s) and his family members 50 years after, who were part of Prophet’s Ahl al-Bayt (household/family). 7. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ predicted that Abu Bakr (r.a) will succeed him for a short period and then Umar (r.a) will succeed him for a longer period and it happened exactly as he had said: “(I saw in a dream that) while I was standing at a well and drawing water therefrom, suddenly Abu Bakr and ‘Umar came to me. Abu Bakr took the bucket and drew one or two buckets (full of water), but there was weakness in his pulling, but Allah forgave him. Then Umar (r.a) took the bucket from Abu Bakr's hand and the bucket turned into a very large one in his hand. I have never seen any strong man among the people doing such a hard job as Umar did, till (the people drank to their satisfaction) and water their camels to their fill and they sat near the water.”[7] 8. According to an authentic narrations, Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to his companions: “You will be victorious over all your enemies, will succeed in the conquest of Makkah, Khaybar, Damascus, Iraq, Persia and Jerusalem, and will share among yourselves the treasures of the rulers of the greatest empires, the Byzantine and the Persians.”[8] It is a known fact that when he was saying this he wasn’t just expressing an opinion, he was saying as if he was seeing it. It is also a fact that these places were all conquered by his own companions not too long after his death. 9. The Prophet ﷺ predicted the rightly guided era of the first four (or five) successors who would rule after his death and the type of rulerships that would replace them. The prediction is found as recorded in one hadith: “Prophethood will last among you for as long as Allah wills, then Allah will take it away. Then it will be (followed by) a rightly guided caliphate (khilafat e rashida) on the pattern of the Prophethood. It will remain for as long as Allah wills, then Allah will take it away. Afterwards there will be a hereditary leadership which will remain for as long as Allah wills, then He will lift it if He wishes. Afterwards, there will be biting oppression, and it will last for as long as Allah wishes, then He will lift it if He wishes. Then there will be a rightly guided caliphate (khilafahe rashida) according to the ways of the Prophethood.’ Then he kept silent.”[9] Prophethood lasted till the death of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, the final Messenger for humankind, followed by the rule of his pious successors namely Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali (May Allah be pleased with them), and Hassan ibn Ali (son of Ali) (r.a). These caliphs ruled according to the teachings of the Prophet ﷺ and lived exemplary lives. Then Hassan (r.a) was forced to hand over the rulership in favor of Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan (r.a) (also a Prophets companion), for the sake of ending ongoing Muslim civil war. He was more of a caliph that came in to power through power politics unlike selection of his predecessors. 9. The Prophet ﷺ predicted the conquest of Constantinople which also took place a few centuries after his death. Knowing how many Muslim armies have fought Byzantines and attacked this center of their power, the Ottoman Turks were able to finally conquer it in 1453 CE. Abdullah (r.a) said, “While we were (gathered) around the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and we were writing, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked: ‘Which city will be conquered first - Constantinople or Rome?’ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘The city of Hiraql (Heraclius) will be conquered first’ - i.e. Constantinople."'[10] The prediction of this conquest was given by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in several traditions, long before him and the earlier Muslims hardly exercised any control in the Arabian Peninsula. In fact, their influence was only limited to a small town called Yathrib (later became Madinah). 10. The Prophet ﷺ predicted the rule of third Caliph and Successor Uthman ibn Affan (r.a) and his innocent murder and he even said that he would get killed while reciting the Quran. It absolutely happened as our Prophet ﷺ predicted.[11] 11. The Prophet ﷺ said: “O Abu Dharr, You will be expelled from here [Madinah], will live alone, and will die alone.” All this came true twenty years later when Abu Dharr (r.a) began to live outside of Madinah during the rule of Uthman (r.a). He died alone with only his wife and one daughter.[13] 12. The Prophet ﷺ predicted the first Muslim naval expedition which took place during Uthman's rulership, the 3rd successor. At the time of this prediction the Arabs were people of the desert, they had no maritime knowledge or expertise, they only knew the desert. Additionally he also predicted that the force will reach Cyprus and one of the companions named Umm Haram (r.a) will be martyred on that Island.[14] The truth of this Prophetic prediction can be viewed in shrine of Umm Haram still stands on that Island near Larnaca, Cyprus. The shrine is called Hala Sultan Tekke. 13. The Prophet ﷺ said: “From the tribe of Thaqif[15], a liar will claim prophethood, and a bloodthirsty tyrant/destroyer will appear.”[16] The "Liar", as claimed by many scholars was Mukhtaar ibn Abee Ubaid[17], who appeared in Kufah (modern Iraq) during the days of Abdullah ibn Az-Zubair (r.a). And the "Destroyer" was Al-Hajjaaj ibn Yousuf Ath-Thaqafee[18], the one who killed Abdullah ibn Az-Zubair (r.a) and also committed much oppression during his governorship.[19] 14. He predicted that the Abbasid dynasty would emerge after the Umayyads to remain in power for a long time, and said, “The people will come forth with black banners from Khurasaan and rule for many times more than they [the Umayyads] rule.” The Prophet prophesied the black flags, which Banu Al-'Abbaas[20] came with under Abu Muslim Khurasani when they wrenched control of the Muslim nation from the hands of Banu Umayyah.[21] References: [1] Sahih al-Bukhari 3629 – Sunnah.com [2] Nursi, Bediuzzaman Said. 2010. Miracles of Prophet Muhammad. Feedbooks. - Risala i Nur Collection. [3] Sunan Abi Dawud 4651 – Sunnah.com [4] Nursi 2010 [5] Nursi 2010 [6] Nursi 2010 - Dimashqi, Al-Hafiz ibn Katheer. 2006. Al Nihaya Fi al Fitan Wa al Malahim (Book of the End: Great Trials and Tribulations). Riyadh: Maktaba Darussalam. [7] Sahih al-Bukhari 7019 – Sunnah.com [8] Sahih Muslim 2900 – Sunnah.com [9] Hassan, Professor Masudul. 1988. Khalifa Abu Bakr - Successor to the Holy Prophet - History of Islam volumes 1 & 2 . Lahore: Islamic Publications [10] Dimashqi 2006. Also narrated in major authentic works of Ibn Majah, Sunan Abu Dawud, Jami Tirmidhi. [11] Nursi 2010 - Also recorded in Sahih al-Bukhari 7262, Sunnah.com [12] Sunan an-Nasai 1975 – Sunnah.com [13] Nursi 2010 [14] Sahih al-Bukhari 2788 – Sunnah.com [15] Tribe in Arabia called Banu Thaqif. [16] Jami Tirmidhi Vol. 1, Book 46, Hadith 3944 – Sunnah.com [17] Also known as Mukhtar Thaqafi (member of Banu Taqif). Many also see him as a hero who took revenge from the killers of Imam Hussain (alaihi salaam), the dearest grandson of the Prophet martyred in Karbala. Allah (swt) knows best. [18] As for the destroyer was indeed Hajjaj bin Yousaf, there is unanimous agreement on this man’s appearance and character. [19] Dimashqi 2006. [20] Also called Family of Abbas i.e. the descendants of Abbas (r.a), paternal uncle of the Prophet (sallAllahu alaihi wassallam), ruled the Muslim world under Bannu Abbas Caliphate. [21]Nursi 2010
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